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Academians Journal of Natural and Biosciences Studies

Vol. 2, Issue 3 — 2026

2 Articles  ·  Published: Sep 5, 2026  ·  ISSN 3121-6374  ·  Academians Publishers

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Article 1 of 2

Comparative Analysis of the Anterior Ocular Health Conditions of Selected Traditional Jeepney Drivers in the City and Province

Kaye Dairyn Joy L. Balmes, Tricia Rose M. Cabaccang, Hannah Mae G. Felonia, Maria Katherine V. Lacerna, Miguel Luis S. Mendoza, Frenz Maygan B. Morales, Ma. Angeline N. Ramos, Ericka Glaze G. Olazo
Pages: 83-92 Published: Sep 2, 2026

Abstract

Background: Traditional jeepneys are designed with open windows and, in some cases, without a driver's side door, leaving drivers exposed to prolonged sunlight and harmful Ultraviolet (UV) rays. This continuous exposure raises concerns about its potential effects on the anterior ocular health conditions. Objective: This study aimed to compare the anterior ocular health conditions of traditional jeepney drivers in the city and province. Methods: The study utilized slit-lamp biomicroscopy to assess the anterior ocular health, particularly the eyelids and eyelashes, meibomian gland, puncta, bulbar conjunctiva, palpebral conjunctiva, cornea, and crystalline lens. A comparative research method was employed. The qualified drivers from the city of Manila (route Cubao-Divisoria) were thirty-one (31) traditional jeepney drivers and thirty-four (34) from the province of Batangas (route Lipa City-Mataas na Kahoy). Results: Majority of the drivers have worked for more than 10 years for both groups, but particularly those in the city are aged 55 with an average of 9 working hours and those in the province are 52 years old working for 6 hours per day. Based on the results from the statistical treatment utilizing Mann-Whitney T-test, the summary of the significance revealed that out of the twelve (12) anterior parts of the eye examined, only four (4) were said to have significant difference. Results show that there is no significant difference between the anterior ocular health conditions of traditional jeepney drivers in the city and province. Conclusion: While both groups exhibited signs of UV-related ocular damage, the absence of significant differences between city and provincial drivers suggests that prolonged sun exposure poses similar risks regardless of geographic location. This highlights the need for protective measures, such as UV-protective eyewear, and regular eye examinations for all jeepney drivers.

Keywords: Jeepney Drivers, Anterior Ocular Health, Slit-lamp Biomicroscopy, UV Exposure

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Article 2 of 2

The Effect of Continuous Lash Lifting on the Ocular Adnexa of Selected 1st- and 2nd-Year Tourism and Optometry Students: A Basis for a Proposal of Aftercare to Users

Ma. Coleen T. Diwa, Lorraine Mae A. Javier, Bernardine Angela C. Mecate, Austine Amor C. Rocafort, John Marlou B. Nazarrea, Maui Joseph M. Quiboloy, Carol Fe A. Gariando
Pages: 93-110 Published: Sep 5, 2026

Abstract

Background: Lash lifting, a cosmetic procedure aimed at enhancing the appearance of natural eyelashes, poses potential risks to ocular health. Objective: This study evaluated the effects of continuous lash lifting on tear film quality, tear quantity, and ocular adnexa among 30 first- and second-year Tourism and Optometry students at Centro Escolar University-Manila. Methods: Baseline assessments prior to lash lifting were performed using Schirmer's test, Non-Invasive Tear Break-Up Time (NITBUT), and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Post-procedure evaluations were conducted after the second week and after five weeks. Results: Pre-test results revealed normal ocular health in most subjects. Post-procedure evaluations indicated significant decreases in tear quantity and stability, suggesting prevalence of dry eye syndrome with common adnexal changes such as redness, bumps, and trichiasis observed after one lash lifting cycle. ANOVA results demonstrated significant within-subject effects over time for Schirmer test (F=33.013, p<.001), NITBUT (F=16.152, p<.001), and Meibomian gland health (F=20.536, p<.001). Conclusion: Findings highlight the need for comprehensive aftercare protocols, client education, and collaboration between lash technicians and eye care professionals to mitigate risks. This study intends not to discourage people from getting lash lifts but to highlight the benefits of professional oversight to ensure safety. It promotes awareness that lash lifts, when properly monitored, can be enjoyed safely. Further research is recommended to explore safer alternatives and long-term effects of lash lifting.

Keywords: lash lifting, ocular health, tear film quality, dry eye syndrome, ocular adnexa, Schirmer's test, non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), slit-lamp biomicroscopy

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