Antifungal Activity of the Crude Extracts of the Neem Leaves (Azadirachta indica)

Abstract

Our study investigated the antifungal properties of crude extracts obtained from Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaves against possible fungal pathogens, including Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, and Penicillium sp. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of methanolic extracts at different strengths (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8%) using the well diffusion method. The results demonstrated antifungal activity, with inhibition increasing as the extract concentration increased. Complete inhibition (100%) was observed at 4% and 8% strengths for all tested fungal infections. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and phenolic chemicals, which are most likely responsible for the observed antifungal properties. Negative results were obtained for saponins, steroids, and anthraquinones, which may have been due to methodological or concentration-related factors. These results underscore Neem’s potential as a natural antifungal agent and support its traditional medicinal uses. On the other hand, further research, including clinical trials, is recommended to confirm these results and explore practical uses in treating fungal infections.