The global transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy is imperative for mitigating climate change and ensuring sustainable development. This review paper synthesizes current advancements in large-scale renewable energy technologies—solar, wind, and biomass—and their integration with energy storage systems. The intermittent nature of renewables necessitates hybrid systems and sophisticated energy management strategies to ensure reliability and grid stability. This paper examines technological innovations, major global projects, and economic and environmental impacts. Furthermore, it explores emerging trends such as green hydrogen production and fuel cells, which hold promise for a fully decarbonized energy future. The review highlights that while significant progress has been made, challenges related to storage, grid integration, and policy support remain.